Learn how to make verbs into participles in the active voice and their uses
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 17 - An Urdu Chat with a Fellow Passenger. Becky here. |
| Hamza: السلام علیکم (Assalam u alaikum). I'm Hamza. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn about making verbs into participles in the active voice and how to use them. The conversation takes place on a train. |
| Hamza: It's between a man and a woman. |
| Becky: The speakers are strangers; therefore, they’ll speak formal Urdu. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| خاتون: کیا آپ اسلام آباد سے ہیں؟ |
| آدمی: نہیں، ہم یہاں سے نہیں ہیں. ہم آج صبح ہی اسلام آباد آئے ہیں. کیا آپ اسلام آباد سے ہیں؟ |
| خاتون: جی. آج بہت سردی ہے ، ہے نہ؟ |
| آدمی: جی ، بالکل. اس سال اسلام آباد میں موسم سرما بہت سرد ہے. |
| خاتون: آپ کے علاقے میں اس قدرسردی ہوتی ہے؟ |
| آدمی: نہیں، اتنی نہیں. لیکن میں نے سنا ہے کہ اس قدرسردی ہوا کرتی تھی . |
| خاتون: میں سمجھ گئی، اگر ابهی ہمیں کچھ گرم چائے مل جائے، تو بہت اچها ہوگا. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| خاتون: کیا آپ اسلام آباد سے ہیں؟ |
| آدمی: نہیں، ہم یہاں سے نہیں ہیں. ہم آج صبح ہی اسلام آباد آئے ہیں. کیا آپ اسلام آباد سے ہیں؟ |
| خاتون: جی. آج بہت سردی ہے ، ہے نہ؟ |
| آدمی: جی ، بالکل. اس سال اسلام آباد میں موسم سرما بہت سرد ہے |
| خاتون: آپ کے علاقے میں اس قدرسردی ہوتی ہے؟ |
| آدمی: نہیں، اتنی نہیں. لیکن میں نے سنا ہے کہ اس قدرسردی ہوا کرتی تھی |
| خاتون: میں سمجھ گئی، اگر ابهی ہمیں کچھ گرم چائے مل جائے، تو بہت اچها ہوگا |
| Becky: Listen to the English translation of the conversation. |
| Woman: Are you from Islamabad? |
| Man: No, we're not from here. We just came to Islamabad this morning. Are you from Islamabad? |
| Woman: Yes. It's very cold today, isn't it? |
| Man: Yes, quite. It's a very cold winter in Islamabad this year. |
| Woman: Does it get this cold at your place? |
| Man: No, not this much, but I've heard it used to be this cold. |
| Woman: I see. If we could get some hot tea now, that'd be great. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: It doesn’t matter where you are in the world, you can always talk to a stranger about the weather. |
| Hamza: Yeah, it seems like most people like complaining about the weather. |
| Becky: It’s definitely a constant! This conversation took place on a train. We spoke a little about the railway system in Pakistan in a previous lesson, but can you tell us a little bit more about train travel? |
| Hamza: If you’re on a long-distance or overnight train, it’s quite common to speak to strangers, like the conversation we heard. |
| Becky: I guess if you’re going to be sitting with someone for a long time, you may as well talk. |
| Hamza: I agree. You could be facing someone for several hours. |
| Becky: What are the train cars like? |
| Hamza: There are different classes. The first-class and the business-class cars are temperature controlled, and only contracted food vendors will pass through. |
| Becky: What about the cheaper cars? |
| Hamza: In the economy cars, there will be open windows and doors. Many vendors will come by selling food and other goods. |
| Becky: The economy class sounds a bit livelier than the first and business-class cars. |
| Hamza: It is! You’ll always find someone to speak to. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Hamza: لیکن [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “But.” |
| Hamza: لیکن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: لیکن [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next, we have... |
| Hamza: سردی [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “Cold.” |
| Hamza: سردی [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: سردی [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next is... |
| Hamza: بہت اچها [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “Great.” |
| Hamza: بہت اچها [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: بہت اچها [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Then, we have... |
| Hamza: اس سال [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “This year.” |
| Hamza: اس سال [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: اس سال [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next, we have... |
| Hamza: چائے [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “Tea.” |
| Hamza: چائے [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: چائے [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next up is... |
| Hamza: آپ کے علاقے [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “At your place.” |
| Hamza: آپ کے علاقے [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: آپ کے علاقے [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next, there’s... |
| Hamza: اس قدر [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “This much.” |
| Hamza: اس قدر [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: اس قدر [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And lastly... |
| Hamza: سے ہونا [natural native speed] |
| Becky: “From (belonging to).” |
| Hamza: سے ہونا [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: سے ہونا [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Hamza: آپ کے علاقے |
| Becky: Meaning "at your place." Can you break this phrase down for us? |
| Hamza: Aap means “your”; ky means “at”; and finally we have ilaqay. |
| Becky: It means “place” or “home.” |
| Hamza: You can use this phrase to say that something, like a party, will be “at your place.” |
| Becky: Can you give us an example of how to use this phrase? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, ہم آپ کے علاقے میں کهانا کهائیں گے. |
| Becky: ...which means, "We will eat at your place." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Hamza: اس قدر |
| Becky: Meaning "this much." When’s this phrase used? |
| Hamza: It can be used to talk about intensity. |
| Becky: What kinds of intensity? |
| Hamza: Both tangible and intangible things. |
| Becky: So you can use it for weather, taste, beauty, and so on. Can you give us an example of this phrase? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, میں نے کبھی نہیں سوچا تھا کہ اس قدر گرمی ہو جائے گی. |
| Becky: ...which means, "I never thought it would be this hot (as hot as this)." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Hamza: سے ہونا |
| Becky: ...meaning "from." This is a preposition. |
| Hamza: You can use this for two things. The first is to say that you’re from a place or organization. |
| Becky: So you’d use it in a sentence like, “I am from Pakistan.” What’s the second use? |
| Hamza: You can also use it to talk about a thing being from a place. |
| Becky: Such as, “This curry is from that restaurant.” |
| Hamza: That’s right. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example with this word? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, یہ کھانا آپ کے گھر سے ہے. |
| Becky: ...which means, "This food is from your house. " |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about making verbs into participles in the active voice and then using them. First, let’s see how to form them. Hamza, how do we make verbs into participles? |
| Hamza: You remove the na from the infinitive form, and add a, i, or ay. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example? |
| Hamza: Sure! Take the infinitive verb بولنا |
| Becky: That means “to speak.” |
| Hamza: And the verb participle is بولا in the masculine form, بولی in the feminine form, and بولے in the plural and polite forms. |
| Becky: Let’s hear one more example. |
| Hamza: This time, we’ll use the infinitive verb سونا |
| Becky: “To sleep.” |
| Hamza: سویا is masculine; سوئی is feminine; and سوئے is plural and polite. |
| Becky: Is the rule the same for all verbs? |
| Hamza: No, there are some exceptions. We mentioned this in a previous lesson that کرنا — |
| Becky: —meaning “to do”— |
| Hamza: —is usually an irregular verb. It is here too. |
| Becky: How does it conjugate into the verb participles? |
| Hamza: کیا is masculine and feminine, and کیے is plural and polite. |
| Becky: There are more exceptions listed in the lesson notes, so be sure to check them out. Now we know how to make regular verb participles and that there are exceptions, but what do we use them for? |
| Hamza: You can use them in the present perfect tense. You also need ہے / ہیں to end the sentence. |
| Becky: Let’s hear an example. |
| Hamza: اس نے اپنا کام ختم نہیں کیا ہے. |
| Becky: “She hasn’t finished her work.” |
| Hamza: You can also use the verb participle in the past perfect. These sentences end with تھا / تھی / تھے. For example, اس نے ذیاده چاکلیٹ کها لی تهی. |
| Becky: “He had eaten too much chocolate.” There’s one more use for verb participles, and that’s in the conditional perfect tense. |
| Hamza: You need to end the sentence with ہوتا/ ہوتی/ ہوتے. For example, اس کا پاسپورٹ چوری نہ ہوا ہوتا، تو وه چین گهومنے جاتا. |
| Becky: "If his passport hadn't been stolen, he would have gone to travel in China." To finish this lesson, we’ll go back to the conversation at the beginning and learn some weather terms. |
| Hamza: The perfect conversation topic for those long train journeys! You can use words like گرمی/ گرم |
| Becky: “Hot.” |
| Hamza: تازه |
| Becky: “Fresh.” |
| Hamza: سرد ہونا |
| Becky: “To get cold.” |
| Hamza: گرم ہونا |
| Becky: “To get hot.” Let’s finish this lesson with an example sentence. |
| Hamza: موسم گرم ہو رہا ہے. |
| Becky: “The weather is getting warmer.” |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Hamza: پهر ملیں گے! (Phir milenge!) |
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