Learn how to use "Who" and "Which"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 11 - A Brush with Fame in Pakistan. Becky here. |
| Hamza: السلام علیکم (Assalam u alaikum). I'm Hamza. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to ask "who" or "which" in Urdu using kaun. The conversation takes place on the street. |
| Hamza: It's between a man and a woman. |
| Becky: The speakers are strangers; therefore, they’ll speak formal Urdu. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| آدمی: آنٹی، آج لوگ یہاں قطار کیوں بنا رہے ہیں؟ |
| خاتون: ایک بڑا فلم سٹار آنے والی فلم کے فروغ کے لیے یہاں آ رہا ہے. |
| آدمی: کون سے فلم سٹار کو آنا ہے؟ |
| خاتون: فواد خان. آپ نے قریبی بل بورڈز پر مختلف اشتہارات پر ضرور اس کو دیکھا ہو گا. |
| آدمی: اوہ ہاں، مجهے وه بہت پسند ہے. کیا آپ کو معلوم ہے اسے کب یہاں آنا ہے؟ |
| خاتون: میں نے سنا ہے کہ وہ شام میں یہاں ہو گا. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| آدمی: آنٹی، آج لوگ یہاں قطار کیوں بنا رہے ہیں؟ |
| خاتون: ایک بڑا فلم سٹار آنے والی فلم کے فروغ کے لیے یہاں آ رہا ہے. |
| آدمی: کون سے فلم سٹار کو آنا ہے؟ |
| خاتون: فواد خان. آپ نے قریبی بل بورڈز پر مختلف اشتہارات پر ضرور اس کو دیکھا ہو گا. |
| آدمی: اوہ ہاں، مجهے وه بہت پسند ہے. کیا آپ کو معلوم ہے اسے کب یہاں آنا ہے؟ |
| خاتون: میں نے سنا ہے کہ وہ شام میں یہاں ہو گا. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Man: Aunty, why are people lining up here today? |
| Woman: A big movie star is coming here to promote an upcoming movie. |
| Man: Which movie star is supposed to come? |
| Woman: Fawad Khan. You must have seen him on the various advertisements on billboards nearby. |
| Man: Oh yes, I like him a lot. Do you know when he's supposed to be here? |
| Woman: I've heard he'll be here in the evening. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Is Bollywood also popular in Pakistan? |
| Hamza: Actually Pakistan has its own, “original” version which is called Lollywood (Lollywood, لالی وڈ). |
| Becky: Really? It’s the first time I’ve heard about that. Where’s it located? |
| Hamza: Most of the industry is concentrated in the city of Karachi. Most movie stars, directors, and musicians live in Karachi. That’s why most of the movies are produced in Karachi. After Karachi, Lahore is the city most known for movie production. |
| Becky: What’s a typical Lollywood movie like? |
| Hamza: Lollywood movies normally have 3 to 4 songs in a 3 hour movie. Most of the movies are based on the love story of a couple, with some variation. On the other hand movies based on new ideas, like social issues and current problems, are not produced very often. |
| Becky: Maybe they’re less popular. |
| Hamza: Right, they hardly ever become blockbusters. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Hamza: پسند [natural native speed] |
| Becky: liking |
| Hamza: پسند [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: پسند [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: اشتہار [natural native speed] |
| Becky: advertisement |
| Hamza: اشتہار [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: اشتہار [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: آج [natural native speed] |
| Becky: today |
| Hamza: آج [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: آج [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: قطار بنانا [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to form a line |
| Hamza: قطار بنانا [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: قطار بنانا [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: فلم سٹار [natural native speed] |
| Becky: film star |
| Hamza: فلم سٹار [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: فلم سٹار [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: فروغ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: promotion |
| Hamza: فروغ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: فروغ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: بڑا [natural native speed] |
| Becky: big |
| Hamza: بڑا [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: بڑا [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Hamza: مختلف [natural native speed] |
| Becky: various |
| Hamza: مختلف [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: مختلف [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Hamza: شام [natural native speed] |
| Becky: evening |
| Hamza: شام [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: شام [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Hamza: فروغ |
| Becky: meaning "promotion." What can you tell us about this word? |
| Hamza: فروغ is a noun. |
| Becky: This word is used normally by people who are advertising a social event, like a film, concert, and other such activities. In addition, this word is especially connected with people who work in a firm’s marketing department. |
| Hamza: Recently, politicians in Pakistan have also been using this word a lot while talking about the promotion of education, cultural values, and local industry. |
| Becky: So this is quite a formal term. |
| Hamza: Right, for the promotion of events such as movies, people also use another word: مشہوری (mashhuri), meaning "advertising." |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using the most formal one? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, ہمیں درخت لگانے کو فروغ دینا چاہیے. |
| Becky: ...which means "We should promote planting trees." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Hamza: قطار بنانا |
| Becky: meaning "to form a line." How is this phrase used? |
| Hamza: This phrase is used quite often, mostly in public places. You can hear this phrase outside public institutes. Usually the guards at the gate of these offices can be heard chanting قطار بنائو (qitar banao), meaning "make a line." |
| Becky: Are these kinds of offices always so crowded that you need to queue? |
| Hamza: Usually, yes. It’s always good to make a line while you’re outside public offices. Keep in mind that in Pakistan you can also access a fast lane if you pay for it. |
| Becky: Good to know. Is this phrase formal or casual? |
| Hamza: This phrase is normally used in formal situations or by people with a good grip on the Urdu language. Informally, you’ll hear people using the word لائن (line), meaning "line." |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, لوگ سینما کے باہر قطار بنا رہے ہیں. |
| Becky: ...which means "People are making a line outside the cinema." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Hamza: پسند |
| Becky: meaning "liking." |
| Hamza: This is a verb used to indicate one's liking and preferences for anything related to life. That can range from favorite movies and music to cars, colors, and so on. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, مجھے سیب پسند ہے. |
| Becky: ...which means "I like apples. " |
| Becky: What about for a person you like? Can you use this word? |
| Hamza: Yes, you can use it, for example when proposing. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about asking "who" or "which" in Urdu. |
| Hamza: We’ll introduce the word kaun کون. |
| Becky: Let’s start right away. What’s the meaning of that word? |
| Hamza: It means "who.” There’s no fixed order as to where it’s placed in a question or statement. |
| Becky: For example, let’s consider the question “Who is that man?” |
| Hamza: You can say either وہ آدمی کون ہے؟ or کون ہے وہ آدمی؟. |
| Becky: The meaning remains the same in translation, but the order allows the speaker to put emphasis on a different part of the sentence. |
| Hamza: Here are some other examples. کون گا رہا ہے؟ |
| Becky: Which means "Who is singing?" |
| Hamza: کون اس وقت گیت گا رہا ہے؟ |
| Becky: Meaning "Who is singing a song at this hour?" When does this word mean “which”? |
| Hamza: Kaun کون plus سا/ سی/ سے Sa / Si / Say changes the meaning to "which." It's used to ask about what kinds or types. |
| Becky: Like the previous case, there’s no set position for this phrase, right? |
| Hamza: Right, just remember that کونسے kaun Say must precede the noun. |
| Becky: Could you give us some examples? |
| Hamza: Sure, for example - کون سا فلم سٹار یہاں آ رہا ہے؟ |
| Becky: Meaning "Which movie star is coming here?" |
| Hamza: کون سی چائے؟ |
| Becky: “Which tea?” |
| Hamza: The only exception is an adjective, which can precede the noun. For example آپ کون سی سرخ ٹوپی تلاش کر رہے ہیں؟ |
| Becky: Meaning "Which red hat are you searching for?" Ok, now can we review the other Urdu question words? |
| Hamza: Yes, they’re کیا (Kia), |
| Becky: Meaning “what.” |
| Hamza: کہاں (Kahan) |
| Becky: “Where” |
| Hamza: کب (Kab) |
| Becky: “When” |
| Hamza: کیوں (Kyun) |
| Becky: “Why.” Hamza, could you give us some sample sentences using these words? |
| Hamza: Sure, for example, you can say پارٹی کہاں ہے؟ |
| Becky: “Where is the party?” |
| Hamza: امتحان کب ہے؟ |
| Becky: “When is the exam?” Ok, the last topic of this lesson is about the two adverbs meaning “here” and “nearby” in Urdu. |
| Hamza: “Here” is یہاں, and “nearby” is نزدیک or قریب. |
| Becky: Could you give us some sample sentences as well? |
| Hamza: پانی کا ٹینک یہاں ہے. |
| Becky: Which means “The water tank is here.” |
| Hamza: نزدیک کوئی ہسپتال ہے؟ |
| Becky: “Is there a hospital nearby?” |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Hamza: پهر ملیں گے! (Phir milenge!) |
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