Learn how to use the question "which"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Absolute Beginner, Season 1 Lesson 21 - Which Do You Like in Urdu? I’m John. |
| Afrah: Assalam u alaikum, I'm Afrah. |
| John: In this lesson you'll learn how to ask the "which" questions. The conversation takes place in a cafe. |
| Afrah: It's between Ali and Asha. Asha is Ali’s aunt, so Ali will be using formal Urdu with her. |
| John: Let's listen to their conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| علی: آپ کو کون سی فلم پسند ہے؟ |
| آشا: مجهے بندھن بہت پسند ہے. |
| علی: میں نے یہ ابھی تک نہیں دیکھی ہے. کون سا سینما ہال یہ دکھا رہا ہے؟ |
| آشا: میں نہیں جانتی. |
| John: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| علی: آپ کو کون سی فلم پسند ہے؟ |
| آشا: مجهے بندھن بہت پسند ہے. |
| علی: میں نے یہ ابھی تک نہیں دیکھی ہے. کون سا سینما ہال یہ دکھا رہا ہے؟ |
| آشا: میں نہیں جانتی. |
| John: Let's now listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Ali : Aap ko kaun si film pasand hai? |
| John: "Which film do you like?" |
| Asha: mujhe bandhan bohat pasanD hai |
| John: "I really like Bandhan." |
| Ali: Mei nay yeh abhi tak nahin daikhi hai. Kaun sa cinema hall yeh dikha raha hai? |
| John: "I haven't watched it yet. Which movie theater is showing it?" |
| Asha: main nahin janTi |
| John: "I don't know." |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Afrah: You know, most people are familiar with Lollywood these days. |
| John: Yes, the Pakistani movie industry is thriving! |
| Afrah: It is. But what most people don’t know is that Pakistani movies are not only filmed in Urdu, but also use other regional languages like Punjabi and Pashto. |
| John: And out of all of these, the most popular ones in Pakistan, and even in the world outside of India, is Lollywood. This is the Urdu language-based film industry. |
| Afrah: If you haven't ever watched Lollywood movies before, well you'll be in for a lot of music and dancing. |
| John: And these scenes not only occur during happy and festive moments during the movie, but also during sad moments. |
| Afrah: Usually the lyrics of the song play an important role in moving the story forward. |
| John: Just make sure you set about three hours aside for the movies; that's the average length. |
| Afrah: I’m a huge fan of those movies! |
| John: Me too! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Afrah: آپ کو [natural native speed] |
| John: to you |
| Afrah: Aap ko [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: Aap ko [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: فلم [natural native speed] |
| John: film [natural native speed] |
| Afrah: film [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: film [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: کون سی [natural native speed] |
| John: which (feminine) |
| Afrah: kaun si [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: kaun si [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: پسند کرنا [natural native speed] |
| John: to like |
| Afrah: pasand kerna [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: pasand kerna [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: ابھی تک نہیں [natural native speed] |
| John: not yet, not till now |
| Afrah: abhi tak nahi [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: abhi tak nahi [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: دیکھی [natural native speed] |
| John: seen (feminine) |
| Afrah: daikhi [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: daikhi [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: کون سا [natural native speed] |
| John: which (masculine) |
| Afrah: kaun sa [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: kaun sa [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: دکھا نا [natural native speed] |
| John: to show |
| Afrah: dikhana [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: dikhana [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Afrah: جاننا [natural native speed] |
| John: to know (feminine) |
| Afrah: janna [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: janna [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Afrah: Let's now look at some of these words in more detail. |
| John: The word for "seen" in Urdu is… |
| Afrah: دیکھی. It comes from the verb دیکھنا, which means "to see." |
| John: Now you have to be careful with this verb since it changes according to gender and the number of the subject. For example, if you’re a female and want to say "I have seen," you say… |
| Afrah: میں نے دیکھی |
| John: On the other hand, if you’re a male speaker, then you would say… |
| Afrah: میں نے دیکھا. Notice that دیکھی changed into دیکھا when used for a male speaker. |
| John: If you’re a group of males then you'd say… |
| Afrah: ہم نے دیکھا |
| John: Which means "we have seen." |
| Afrah: If you're talking about another female and you want to say "she has seen," you would say اس نے دیکھی |
| John: Yes, the verb stays the same as a female speaker. Similarly, if you're talking about another male and you want to say "he has seen," you say… |
| Afrah: اس نے دیکھا |
| John: Again, the same verb that you used when you were a male speaker. |
| Afrah: Now the next word is جاننا. |
| John: It means "know." So if you’re a female speaker and you want to say "I know," you say… |
| Afrah: میں جانتی ہوں |
| John: If you’re a male speaker, you say… |
| Afrah: میں جانتا ہوں |
| John: If you’re a group of people, you say… |
| Afrah: ہم جانتے ہیں, which means "we know." |
Lesson focus |
| John: Let's learn how to ask questions using "which." "Which" in Urdu is not as straightforward as in English. |
| Afrah: It changes according to the gender and the number of the nouns. |
| John: For singular masculine nouns, it is… |
| Afrah: کون سا. |
| John: For plural masculine nouns, it is… |
| Afrah: کون سے. |
| John: And for both singular and plural feminine nouns, it is… |
| Afrah: کون سی. |
| John: By now, you know that all Urdu nouns are either masculine or feminine. Let's look at the general rule once again. |
| Afrah: Words that end with ا (a) are usually masculine. And words that end with ی (i) are usually feminine. |
| John: And you also know that this is not always the case, so the best way to learn is to memorize new words. Now in lesson 19 on likes and dislikes, we learned to say "I like this" and "I don't like this" in Urdu. We'll now learn how to ask "Which ____ do you like?” in Urdu. |
| Afrah: The format you have to remember isآپ کو کون سا/کون سے/کون سی ____ پسند ہےا. You insert the subject after آپ کو کون سا/کون سے/کون سی |
| John: Can you break this sentence down for us, Afrah? |
| Afrah: Here, آپ کو means "to you," کون سا/کون سے/کون سی is "which," and پسند means "like." |
| John: Let’s hear some more examples. How do you say "Which hero do you like?" in Urdu? |
| Afrah: Well, the word for "hero" in Urdu is also ہیرو. Since it’s a masculine singular noun, you have to use کون سا for "which." The sentence then is آپ کو کون سا ہیرو پسند ہے؟ |
| John: This is a formal way of asking the question. Next, let's ask "Which flower do you like?" in Urdu. |
| Afrah: "Flower" in Urdu is پهول and it’s a masculine singular noun. So you need to use کون سا for "which." The sentence then is آپ کو کون سا پهول پسند ہے؟ |
| John: How about one final example. "Which book do you like?" |
| Afrah: Okay, so here, "book" in Urdu is کتاب and it’s a feminine singular noun. So you have to use کون سی for "which." Our sentence is آپ کو کون سی کتاب پسند ہے؟ |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time! |
| Afrah: Shukriya aur phir milenge! |
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