Learn about the names of colors
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Absolute Beginner, Season 1 Lesson 18 - All the Colors of the Pakistani Rainbow. I’m John. |
| Afrah: Assalam u alaikum, I'm Afrah. |
| John: In this lesson you'll learn the names of colors in Urdu. |
| Afrah: The conversation takes place on a street. |
| John: This conversation is between two friends, Ali and Sidrah, who are window shopping. |
| Afrah: They know each other very well so they’ll be using informal Urdu. |
| John: Let's listen to their conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| علی: یہ لال ساڑی بہت خوبصورت ہے. |
| سدرہ: جی ہاں. سونے کے پیٹرن والی وه سیاہ ساڑی بھی خوبصورت ہے. |
| علی: سب کچھ اچھا ہے! |
| سدرہ: مکمل طور پر! |
| John: Let's listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| علی: یہ لال ساڑی بہت خوبصورت ہے. |
| سدرہ: جی ہاں. سونے کے پیٹرن والی وه سیاہ ساڑی بھی خوبصورت ہے. |
| علی: سب کچھ اچھا ہے! |
| سدرہ: مکمل طور پر! |
| John: Let's listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Ali: Yeh laal sari bohat khubsurat hai. |
| John: This red sari is very beautiful. |
| Sidrah: Gi han. sonay ky pattern wali woh sayyah sari bi khubsurat hai. |
| John: Yes. That black sari with the gold pattern is also beautiful. |
| Ali: Sab kuch acha hai! |
| John: Everything is great! |
| Sidrah: Mukamal tor par! |
| John: Totally! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: You know Afrah, one of my favorite festivals in Pakistan is Basant. |
| Afrah: Oh yes, Basant, the festival of colors. |
| John: And music and dancing too! It's so much fun. Everyone wears colorful clothes and flies kites. |
| Afrah: Young people often start celebrating a couple weeks in advance by flying colorful kites. |
| John: Which as you can imagine, is sometimes frowned upon. But mostly it’s taken with good spirits. |
| Afrah: On the day of the Basant festival, people wear traditional colorful clothes and get on their rooftops and fly colorful kites. |
| John: People also fly kites at night under the floodlights and the sky gets filled with white kites. |
| Afrah: And you can find delicious dishes and sweets everywhere on Basant day. |
| John: Alright, now let's move onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Afrah: یہ [natural native speed] |
| John: this |
| Afrah: yeh[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: yeh [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: لال [natural native speed] |
| John: red [natural native speed] |
| Afrah: laal [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: laal [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: ساڑی [natural native speed] |
| John: sari |
| Afrah: sari [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: sari [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: بہت [natural native speed] |
| John: very, a lot |
| Afrah: bohat [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: bohat [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: خوبصورت [natural native speed] |
| John: beautiful |
| Afrah: khubsurat [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: khubsurat [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: سونا [natural native speed] |
| John: gold |
| Afrah: sona [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: sona [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: پیٹرن [natural native speed] |
| John: pattern |
| Afrah: pattern [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: pattern [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Afrah: سب کچھ [natural native speed] |
| John: everything |
| Afrah: sab kuch [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: sab kuch [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Afrah: مکمل طور پر [natural native speed] |
| John: totally, absolutely |
| Afrah: mukamal tor par [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Afrah: mukamal tor par [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Afrah: The first word we'll look at is پیٹرن |
| John: Which means "pattern." It actually comes from the English word. |
| Afrah: It has been so well integrated into the Urdu language that it can be understood anywhere in Pakistan. |
| John: But as you can hear, it has a slightly different pronunciation. Usually, English words with the "aa" pronunciation, as in "paa" for "pattern," turn into "ai" in Urdu. |
| Afrah: Yes, so "pattern" becomes paitrun. Another example would be "computer." It turns into کمپیوٹر, in Urdu. |
| John: The final word we'll talk about is… |
| Afrah:سب کچھ. |
| John: Which means "everything." |
| Afrah: And just like in English, it takes the singular verb "is." Therefore, you'd say |
| سب کچھ اچھا ہے… |
| John: Which means "Everything is good." But, if you wanted to say "everybody," unlike in English, it takes the plural verb "are." So, it would literally be "Everyone are good." |
| Afrah: So سب اچھے ہیں for "Everyone is good." |
Lesson focus |
| John: The focus of this lesson is the names of the colors in Urdu. We'll say them in English and then give the Urdu pronunciation, first at natural speed, and then a bit slowly. |
| Afrah: Let’s get started. |
| John: "Black." |
| Afrah:کالا, kaala, (slow) kaa-la, kaala. |
| John: "Red." |
| Afrah:لال, laal, (slow) laa-l, laal. |
| John: "Yellow." |
| Afrah:پیلا, peela, (slow) pee-la, peela. |
| John: "Blue." |
| Afrah:نیلا, neela, (slow) neel-a, neela. |
| John: "Green." |
| Afrah:سبز, sabz, (slow) sa-bz, sabz. |
| John:"Pink." |
| Afrah:گلابی, gulabi, (slow) gu-la-bi, gulabi. |
| John:"Orange." |
| Afrah:نارنجی, naranji, (slow) na-ran-ji, naranji. |
| John: "Purple." |
| Afrah:جامنی, jamni, (slow) jam-ni, jamni. |
| John:And lastly, "brown." |
| Afrah:بھورا, bhoora, (slow) bhoo-ra, bhoora. |
| John: Great! Colors are adjectives and so, like all other adjectives in Urdu, some colors inflect. This means that some change according to the gender and number of the subjects, while some others don't. |
| Afrah: Lucky for us, it’s very simple to spot the colors that inflect! All those that end with an ا are inflecting adjectives. |
| John: There are very simple rules for inflection like... |
| Afrah: For describing things that are masculine and singular, they don't change. They retain ا (-a) in the end. For example, کالا, which is "black," stays کالا. For masculine plural, ا (a) is replaced by ے (e). So for example, کالا changes into کالے. |
| John: And for describing singular and plural feminine nouns… |
| Afrah: ا (a) is replaced by ی (e). For example, کالا changes into کالی. |
| John: Let's try some more examples. How would you say "This book is black" in Urdu? |
| Afrah: Remember, "This book" in Urdu is یہ کتاب and it's a feminine noun. So you have to use the feminine case of "black," which is کالی. The sentence then is یہ کتاب کالی ہے |
| John: How about the sentence, "This dog is black"? |
| Afrah: Well, "dog" in Urdu is کتا. It’s a masculine noun. So you have to use کالا and the sentence would be یہ کتا کالا ہے. |
| John: How would you say "These dogs are black?" |
| Afrah: Okay, so "dogs" in Urdu is کتے. You have to use the plural masculine case for "black," which is کالے. So the sentence would be یہ کتے کالے ہیں |
| John: Perfect! How about for "These apples are red?" |
| Afrah: See, this is easy because the word "red" in Urdu is لال and since it doesn't end with an “ا”. It stays the same in all situations. So the sentence would be یہ سیب لال ہیں. |
| John: Let's practice saying some of those sentences. How about, “The dog is black.” |
| Afrah:[pause]کتا کالا ہے. |
| John:And now the plural form, “These dogs are black.” |
| Afrah:[pause] یہ کتے کالے ہیں |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Afrah: Shukriya aur phir milenge! |
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